To further clarify in case there might be confusion:
As VampireArmy said in #2, Glorious Anthem does not provide any +1/+1 counters to anything; rather, it simply boosts your creatures on its own as long as it is in play (as a state based effect if you really want the nuts and bolts). This means that the answer to your first question is - NO, you cannot proliferate those +1/+1 bonuses as technically there aren't any counters produced by Glorious Anthem.
Now, more generally VampireArmy is correct about how proliferate works - you can add an additional counter of any type whenever you proliferate.
To specifically answer your question regarding Renegade Krasis, as Glorious Anthem does not place counters, not matter how many times you evolve it, it wouldn't add anything else to your other creatures (unless of course they already have counters). So let's work through two examples:
1) You have Renegade Krasis, Glorious Anthem, and Elvish Mystic. If you play an Elusive Krasis it would trigger the evolve for Renegade Krasis making it a 4/3; however, as nothing else has a +1/+1 counter at that point, nothing else would gain any counters.
2) You again have a Renegade Krasis and Elvish Mystic but this time you also have a Battering Krasis. You play an Elusive Krasis and will have two evolve triggers, one for the Renegade and one for the Battering. You can stack those evolve triggers however you like. In this case, it would be best to put the Renegade evolve on the stack first and Battering second (as they resolve in reverse order). Then the Battering Krasis would evolve, becoming a 3/2 (with one +1/+1 counter) and then the Renegade Krasis would evolve, making it a 4/3. The second ability of Renegade would trigger and add a second +1/+1 counter to Battering Krasis also making it a 4/3.
Does this make sense? Let me know if you need further clarification.